Using the ping Utility

Using the ping Utility
Ping is the most basic TCP/IP utility and is included with most TCP/IP stacks for most platforms.
Windows, again, is no exception. In most cases, ping is a command-line utility (although there have been some GUI implementations).

 You use the ping utility for two primary purposes:

• To find out if you can reach a host
• To find out if a host is responding

Here is the syntax:
ping hostname or IP address
If you ping any station that has an IP address, the ICMP that is part of that host’s TCP/IP stack will respond to the request. This ICMP test and response might look something like this:

ping 204.153.163.2
Pinging 204.153.163.2 with 32 bytes of data:
Reply from 204.153.163.2: bytes=32 time<10ms TTL=128
Reply from 204.153.163.2: bytes=32 time=1ms TTL=128
Reply from 204.153.163.2: bytes=32 time<10ms TTL=128
Reply from 204.153.163.2: bytes=32 time<10ms TTL=128

Because you receive a reply from the destination station (204.153.163.2 in this case), you know that you can reach the host and that it is responding to basic IP requests.
        Most versions of ping work in the same fashion, although there are some switches you can use to specify certain information—for example, the number of packets to send, how big a
packet to send, and so on. If you are running the Windows command-line version of ping, use the –? switch to display a list of the available switches, like so:

ping –?

Table 4.4 lists and describes some of the most common switches for the Windows ping utility.

NOTE:

 You can ping your local TCP/IP interface by typing ping 127.0.0.1 or ping localhost. Both addresses represent the local interface.

TABLE 4 . 4 Windows ping Utility Switches

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Uploading Files

Uploading Files
To upload a file to an FTP server, you must have rights on that server. These rights are assigned on a directory-by-directory basis. To upload a file, log in and then follow these steps:

1. At the ftp command prompt, type lcd to navigate to the directory     on the local machine where the file resides.
2. Type cd to navigate to the destination directory.
3. Set the file type to ASCII or binary.
4. Use the put command to upload the file.


The syntax of the put command is as follows:

ftp>put local file destination file

For example, if you want to upload a file that is called 1.txt on the local server but you want it to be called my.txt on the destination server, use the following command:

ftp>put 1.txt my.txt

You’ll see the following response:

200 PORT command successful.
150 Opening BINARY mode data connection for collwin.zip
226 Transfer complete.

743622 bytes sent in 0.55 seconds (1352.04 Kbytes/sec)

TIP:

You can upload multiple files using the mput command. Simply type mput, a space, and then a wildcard that specifies the files. For example, to upload all the text files in a directory, type mput *.txt.

When you’re finished with the ftp utility, simply type quit to return to the command prompt.

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