Backbones and Segments

Backbones and Segments
With complex networks, we must have a way of intelligently identifying which part of the network we are discussing. For this reason, we commonly break networks into backbones and segments. Figure 1.9 shows a sample network and identifies the backbones and segments. You should refer to this figure when necessary as you read about backbones and segments.


Example:

Backbone and segments on a sample network

Understanding the Backbone

A backbone is the part of the network to which all segments and servers connect. A backbone provides the structure for a network and is considered the main part of any network. It usually uses a high-speed communications technology of some kind, such as Fiber Distributed Data Interface (FDDI) or 1 or 10 Gigabit Ethernet. All servers and all network segments typically connect directly to the backbone so that any segment is only one segment away from any server on that backbone. Because all segments are close to the servers, the network is more efficient. Notice in Figure 1.9 that the three servers and three segments connect to the backbone.

Understanding Segments

Segment is a general term for any short section of the network that is not part of the backbone. Just as servers connect to the  ackbone, workstations connect to segments. Segments are connected to the backbone to allow the workstations on them access to the rest of the network. Figure 1.9 shows three segments.